作物雄性不育性在育种中的应用概评

概述总结了作物雄性不育性的类别与遗传特点。雄性不育性的遗传机理涉及细胞质遗传的现象,目前已初步探明玉米C群不育系的胞质基因可能是atp6-c,芝麻不育胞质基因拟为atpA。雄性不育化杂交种在实践中主要应用于玉米、水稻和蔬菜中。尽管现有近交理论、DNA甲基化效用、水稻胞质与核不育系遗传等理论提出，雄性不育化育种的基本理论尚需进一步探讨。在雄性不育化育种技术上,要逐步解决难点作物,如小麦、荞麦、菜豆等的不育化育种问题。

A Summarized Opinion on Application of Crop Male Sterility in Plant Breeding

This paper summarized the type and genetic characteristics of male sterility. The mechanism of male sterility is involved in cytoplasmic heredity. It has been initially proved that atp6-c and aptA are the cytoplasmic genes of maize sterile line C group and namie male sterile line, respectively. Male sterility hybrids are extensively applied in corp production, shuch as maize, rice and vegetables. Despite some theories were proposed, such as inbreeding theory, DNA methlation and genetics of rice cytoplasm male sterile line, the basic theories of male sterile breeding requests further study. This paper suggested to gradually resolve the difficulties of crop male sterile hybridization breeding in wheat, buckwheat and navy beans.