水痘疫苗在学校暴发疫情中保护效果的回顾性队列研究

目的了解水痘疫苗在学校等集体单位水痘暴发疫情中的保护效果。方法选择佛山市2012年水痘暴发疫情的学校,按年龄分层,以接种水痘疫苗作为暴露因素,采用回顾性队列研究方法,评价水痘疫苗的保护效果。结果共有143名学生纳入研究对象,水痘疫苗的保护率为69.18%。按年龄分层分析发现,6～7岁组水痘疫苗保护率为86.12%,而9～11岁组水痘疫苗未显示保护作用。结论水痘疫苗对学校等集体单位水痘暴发疫情的控制具有良好的效果。但由于疫苗免疫机体后所产生的抗体衰减,小学高年级学生应适时加强接种一剂次水痘疫苗。

A retrospective cohort study on the effetiveness of varicella vaccine against varicella outbreak in school

Objective To assess the effectiveness of varicella outbreak vaccine against varicella outbreak occurring in school.Methods Children in the affected schools in 2012 and institutions were divided into different age groups and the history of vaccination with varicella vaccine was analyzed.A historical cohort study was conducted.Results 143 students were enrolled.The vaccine effectiveness of varicella vaccine amounted to 69.18%.The vaccine effectiveness of varicella vaccine amounted to 86.12% at the age of 6 to 7 years,for the 9 to 11 year age group,significant difference was not found.Conclusion Varicella vaccine provides a satisfactory protection in the varicella outbreak school.A booster dose is recommended in upper classman students of school because of their antibody attenuated.