厦门水域中华白海豚栖息地选择的初步研究

中华白海豚（Sousa chinensis）在中国水域主要包括3个种群，分别分布在珠江口（包括香港）、九龙江口（厦门水域）和北部湾广西沿岸水域，近年来在台湾西海岸和广东的雷州又陆续发现了新的种群（Wang et al．，2004；周开亚等，待发表资料）。该物种主要以中小种群分布于近岸浅水水域，易受各种人类活动的影响，如渔业捕捞、船舶航运、港口建设和水体污染等，其保护状况引起了人们的广泛关注。在1988年颁布的《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》中，已将该物种列为国家一级保护动物。

A preliminary analysis on the habitat selection of Chinese white dolphins (Sousa chinensis) in Xiamen waters, China

One hundred and eighty-one boat surveys were conducted within 150 days between February and December, 2004 in Xiamen waters,which covered an area about 700 km². A total of 102 separate sightings were recorded. Habitat selection (i.e., water depth, tidal conditions, and distance offshore) were analyzed by using selection frequency and x² -test. The results showed high level of selection for water depth under 20 meters and distance offshore within 1 000 meters, whereas no significant selection was found for tide level, water temperature or tide direction. In addition, for the purpose of providing fundamental information for conservation and management,the utilization of different sections of Xiamen waters was discussed. Furthermore, Xiamen west harbour and waters from Jiyu to Wuyu were identified as the 'key habitats' and Dadeng waters may serve as a 'sanctuary' for the Xiamen population.