Tinea capitis in adults in southern Spain. A 17-year epidemiological study |
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| Institution: | 1. Service de parasitologie-mycologie, faculté de médecine, de pharmacie et d’odontostomatologie, université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP 5005, Dakar, Sénégal;2. Laboratoire de parasitologie-mycologie, CHU Aristide le Dantec, BP 16477, Dakar, Sénégal;1. Department of General Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan;2. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan;3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan;1. Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad de Alicante, 03080 Alicante, Spain;2. Universidad de Alicante, Facultad de Ciencias, 03080 Alicante, Spain;1. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, España;2. Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, España;3. Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, España;1. Sociotechnical Systems Engineering Institute of Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences, 4 Cesu Street, Valmiera, LV-4200, Latvia;2. Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, Plzeň, CZ-30614, Czech Republic |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundTinea capitis is an infection of the hair due to keratinophilic fungi, known as dermatophytes. Although the disease is common in children, several studies have also shown that it is far from unusual in adults, especially in post-menopausal women and immunocompromised persons.AimsTo determine the incidence of tinea capitis in adults in our area, as well as the predisposing factors (gender, immunity), and causative species.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted over a period of 17 years, from 1995 to 2011, collecting data on cases of tinea capitis diagnosed in our dermatology department. Information collected for all patients included age, gender, location of the lesions, results of direct examination and culture, immune status, cause of immunosuppression, and the prescribed treatment.ResultsThirty-three cases (11.4%) out of 289 cases of tinea capitis occurred in adults. Most of these adults (72%) were immunocompetent, and the rest were immunocompromised for different reasons. Three of the patients were men and 30 women, with 70% of the latter being post-menopausal. Trichophyton species were isolated in 76% of these adult patients, with Trichophyton violaceum being the most common. Treatment with oral terbinafine was successful in all these cases. Microsporum species were responsible for the other cases, all treated successfully with oral griseofulvin.ConclusionsThis series of tinea capitis in adults is one of the largest to date. It shows that tinea capitis is not uncommon among the immunocompetent adult population. In our geographical area, except for prepubescent patients, most cases affecting the adult population were caused by species of the genus Trichophyton. In these cases the treatment of choice was oral terbinafine, which considerably shortened the treatment time, and was associated with fewer side effects than the classical griseofulvin. |
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| Keywords: | Dermatophytes Adults Post-menopausal women Immunocompromised Dermatofitos Adultos Mujeres posmenopáusicas Inmunodeprimidos |
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