广州市鸭脚树星室木虱调查及其防治药剂筛选

以广州市糖胶树上的鸭脚树星室木虱为对象,调查其发生和为害特点,并选用0.5%印楝素、阿维·啶虫脒、3%啶虫脒和20%吡虫啉共4种低毒高效农药进行室内毒力试验和防治试验。结果表明,广州市鸭脚树星室木虱发现普遍、危害严重。0.5%印楝素、阿维·啶虫脒和3%啶虫脒对鸭脚树星室木虱若虫的室内杀虫效果较好,20%吡虫啉则较差。林间施药0.5%印楝素、阿维·啶虫脒和3%啶虫脒20d后,鸭脚树星室木虱若虫的死亡率均达63%以上。结合害虫综合治理和环境生态保护的实际情况,建议使用0.5%印楝素对鸭脚树星室木虱若虫进行防治。

An Investigation on a Gall-inducing Psylloid Pseudophacopteron alstonium in Guangzhou and Selection of Controlling Pesticide

Alstonia scholaris was one of the greening tree species in the southern cities, which was seriously damaged by a gall-inducing psylloid Pseudophacopteron alstonium. To take P. alstonimu on A. scholaris in Guangzhou as an object, the characteristics of the occurrence and damage were investigated, and the indoor toxicity tests and field trials were carried out with 4 kinds of low-toxic and high-efficiency pesticides including 0.5% azadirachtin, avermectin·acetamiprid, 3% acetamiprid and 20% imidacloprid. The results showed that the gall-inducing psylloid P. alstonium had been outbroken in Guangzhou. The insecticidal effect of 0.5% azadirachtin, avermectin·acetamiprid and 3% acetamiprid on the nymphae of P. alstonium were better than that of 20% imidacloprid in the laboratory. The efficacy of the azadirachtin, acetamiprid and avermectin·acetamiprid were also better in restraining the eclosion of P. alstonium in the field. The nymphae mortality rate of P. alstonium was above 63% after using azadirachtin (10 mg·L-1), avermectin·acetamiprid (200 mg·L-1), acetamiprid (30 mg·L-1) for 20 d in the field. Considering the situation of integrated pest management and environment protection, azadirachtin was recommended to use for the nymphae of P. alstonium.