Optimizing dose enhancement with Ta2O5 nanoparticles for synchrotron microbeam activated radiation therapy |
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| Institution: | 1. Centre for Medical Radiation Physics (CMRP), University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia;2. Radiation Oncology Department, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia;3. CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d’Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan, UMR-5797, chemin du solarium, 33175 Gradignan, France;4. Université Bordeaux, Centre d’Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan, UMR-5797, chemin du solarium, 33175 Gradignan, France;5. Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia;6. Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia;7. Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience (CMMB), University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia;1. Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece;2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;3. Ion Physics/Applied Nuclear Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden;4. Tandem Accelerator Laboratory, Institute of Nuclear Physics, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece;5. Laboratory for Ion Beam Interactions, Department of Experimental Physics, Institute Ru?er Bo?kovi?, Bijeni?ka cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;6. Center for Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, KBC Rijeka, Kre?imirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;1. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Leipzig, Postfach 100 920, D-04009 Leipzig, Germany;2. Department of Mathematics and the Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, Scotland, United Kingdom;1. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, PR China;2. School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 693 Xiongchu Avenue, Wuhan 430073, PR China;3. School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China;4. College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China;5. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia;6. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT) exploits tumour selectivity and normal tissue sparing with spatially fractionated kilovoltage X-ray microbeams through the dose volume effect. Experimental measurements with Ta2O5 nanoparticles (NPs) in 9L gliosarcoma treated with MRT at the Australian Synchrotron, increased the treatment efficiency. Ta2O5 NPs were observed to form shells around cell nuclei which may be the reason for their efficiency in MRT. In this article, our experimental observation of NP shell formation is the basis of a Geant4 radiation transport study to characterise dose enhancement by Ta2O5 NPs in MRT. Our study showed that NP shells enhance the physical dose depending microbeam energy and their location relative to a single microbeam. For monochromatic microbeam energies below ～70 keV, NP shells show highly localised dose enhancement due to the short range of associated secondary electrons. Low microbeam energies indicate better targeted treatment by allowing higher microbeam doses to be administered to tumours and better exploit the spatial fractionation related selectivity observed with MRT. For microbeam energies above ～100 keV, NP shells extend the physical dose enhancement due to longer-range secondary electrons. Again, with NPs selectively internalised, the local effectiveness of MRT is expected to increase in the tumour. Dose enhancement produced by the shell aggregate varied more significantly in the cell population, depending on its location, when compared to a homogeneous NP distribution. These combined simulation and experimental data provide first evidence for optimising MRT through the incorporation of newly observed Ta2O5 NP distributions within 9L cancer cells. |
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| Keywords: | Nanoparticle Microbeam radiation therapy Dose enhancement Geant4 |
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