Variation in reproductive success and effective number of breeders in a hatchery population of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): examination by microsatellite-based parentage analysis |
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Authors: | Jennifer E McLean Todd R Seamons Michael B Dauer Paul Bentzen Thomas P Quinn |
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Institution: | (1) School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5020, USA;(2) Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4;(3) Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4J1 |
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Abstract: | Conservation programs that release captive-bred individuals into the wild to mix with naturally produced individuals are an
increasingly common method of supporting or enhancing weak or reduced populations that otherwise may not be self-sustaining.
Captive and supportive breeding can be important conservation tools for species with small or declining populations; however,
in the case of hatcheries producing salmonid fishes, detailed evaluation of spawning programs is rare. We examined variation
in reproductive success, measured by adult offspring production, from three parental generations of hatchery-bred steelhead
trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using an exclusion-based method of genetic parentage assignment. Reproductive success varied greatly among individuals (especially
males) and was correlated with fecundity and maternal spawning date. Estimates of egg to smolt survival for the population
as a whole among years ranged from 64% to 95%, marine survival ranged from 0.32% to 2.30%, and the number of adults produced
per female ranged from 0 to 18 and the number of adults produced per male ranged from 0 to 32. The effective number of breeders
ranged from 11% to 31% of the census population size for that brood year. These ratios fell within estimates from estimates
of Ne/N in chinook (O. tshawytscha) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss) hatchery populations. |
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Keywords: | Artificial propagation Exclusion-based parentage assignment Effective number of breeders Fitness Salmonids |
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