几种藻类蛋白核的超微结构研究

应用电镜及免疫电镜技术对莱茵藻、小球藻、条浒苔和紫菜等藻类的叶绿体蛋白核的超微结构及主要组成成分进行了观察和研究。结果显示：不同藻类的蛋白核结构不同，显示了藻类蛋白核的多样性。蛋白核为球形或椭圆形，由蛋白质组成。莱茵藻、小球藻和条浒苔的蛋白核外围被淀粉鞘所包围，而紫菜的蛋白核外围无淀粉鞘而直接被叶绿体的类囊体所包围。淀粉鞘由淀粉组成，淀粉鞘的厚薄与藻体藻龄及增养状态有关系。在蛋白核中央，一般都具有由类囊体形成的孔道，使蛋白核与外界联系，小球藻和条浒苔蛋白核具有1条纵向孔道，而莱茵藻和紫菜为多条孔道。金相免疫技术检测结果显示Rubisco和Rubisco活化酶均在蛋白核及淀粉鞘区域中定位，表明蛋白核具有光合作用功能．

STUDIES ON ULTRASTRUCTURE OF PYRENOID FROM SEVERAL ALGAE

This paper mainly dealed with the pyrenoid ultrastructure and gold immunolocalization of Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) and Rubisco activase in chloroplast of several algae: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella spp. 640909, Enteromorpha clathrata that and Porphyra yezoensis. The results showed that there were different ultrastructure of pyrenoids among these different algae. Pyrenoid shaped in ball or ellipse, was composed by protein. The pyrenoid of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella, E. clathrata, was embedded by starch sheath, whereas the pyrenoid of Porphyra yezoensis had no starch sheath, and embedded by the thylakoids of chloroplast. The starch sheath was composed of starch, its side was related with the age and culture conditions of algae. There were channels in the middle of the pyrenoids, with which the pyrenoids connected the thylakoids of chloroplast. There was one portrait channel in the pyrenoid of Chlorella and E. clathrata, while there were several channels in the pyrenoids of Chlamydomonas reinharditt and Porphyra yezoensis. The results of gold immunolocalizatiopn showed the Rubisco and Rubisco activase distributed in the pyrenoid and starch sheath region. It was demonstrated that the pyrenoid had close relation with photosynthesis.