Non-native Fish Occurrence and Biomass in 1943 Western Palearctic Lakes and Reservoirs and their Abiotic and Biotic Correlates |
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| Authors: | Carolina Trochine Sandra Brucet Christine Argillier Ignasi Arranz Meryem Beklioglu Lluís Benejam Teresa Ferreira Trygve Hesthagen Kerstin Holmgren Erik Jeppesen Fiona Kelly Teet Krause Martti Rask Pietro Volta Ian J Winfield Thomas Mehner |
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| Institution: | 1.Laboratorio de Limnología,INIBIOMA CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue,Bariloche,Argentina;2.Aquatic Ecology Group, BETA Tecnio Centre,University of Vic, Central University of Catalonia,Catalonia,Spain;3.Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA,Barcelona,Spain;4.Irstea UR RECOVER,Aix En Provence,France;5.Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences,Middle East Technical University,Ankara,Turkey;6.Kemal Kurda? Ecological Research and Training Stations, Lake Eymir,Middle East Technical University,Ankara,Turkey;7.Instituto Superior de Agronomia,University of Lisbon,Lisbon,Portugal;8.Norwegian Institute for Nature Reasearch,Trondheim,Norway;9.Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Freshwater Research,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Drottningholm,Sweden;10.Department of Bioscience and Arctic Research Centre (ARC),Aarhus University,Silkeborg,Denmark;11.Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research,Beijing,China;12.Inland Fisheries Ireland,Dublin 24,Ireland;13.Centre for Limnology IEAS,Estonian University of Life Sciences,Tartu,Estonia;14.Natural Resources Institute Finland,Jyv?skyl?,Finland;15.National Research Council,Institute of Ecosystem Study,Verbania,Italy;16.Lake Ecosystems Group, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology,Lancaster Environment Centre,Bailrigg, Lancaster,UK;17.Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries,Berlin,Germany |
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| Abstract: | Invasion of non-native species is considered a major threat to global biodiversity. Here we present a comprehensive overview of the occurrence, richness and biomass contribution of non-native fish species in 1943 standing water bodies from 14 countries of the Western Palearctic, based on standardised fish catches by multi-mesh gillnetting. We expected strong geographical gradients to emerge in the occurrence of non-natives. We further hypothesised that the contribution by non-natives to the local fish community biomass was correlated with local richness and the trophic level of native and non-native species. Non-native fish species occurred in 304 of 1943 water bodies (16%). If the average number of occupied water bodies per country was weighted by number of water bodies per country, the grand mean occurrence of non-natives in Western Palearctic water bodies was 10%. Exotic (non-native to the Palearctic) and translocated (non-native only to parts of the Palearctic) species were found in 164 (8.4%) or 235 (12.1%) of the water bodies, respectively. The occurrence and local richness of non-native fish species increased with temperature, precipitation and lake area and were substantially higher in reservoirs than in natural lakes. High local biomass contributions of non-native species were strongly correlated with low richness of native species and high richness of non-native species, whereas the trophic level of the fish species had only a weak effect. Single non-native species rarely dominated community biomass, but high biomass contributions and thus strong community and ecosystem impacts can be expected if several non-native species accumulate in a water body. |
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