细菌外膜囊泡(OMV)研究进展

外膜囊泡（outer membrane vesicles，OMV）是在细菌生命活动中不断从细菌细胞表面脱离而形成的功能性囊泡，其内部含有蛋白质、脂质和核酸等成分，具有多种特殊的生物学功能，在细菌-细菌和细菌-宿主相互作用中起着关键作用。虽然大多数OMV的研究都是关于动物病原菌，但最近OMV在植物-细菌相作领域的作用已逐渐被揭示。本文围绕OMV的发现、产生、成分，以及在发病和应激过程中，特别是OMV在植物-细菌相作中生物学功能的相关研究进展进行阐述，为细菌外膜囊泡的分子机理与应用研究提供思路，并为广泛开展微生物外膜囊泡的研究提供参考。

Advances in Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMV)

Outer membrane vesicles (OMV) are functional vesicles constantly divorced and formed from outermost membrane of bacteria during its life activity, inside them contain protein, lipid., nucleic acid and other ingredient, having multiple special biological functions, and playing critical roles in bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interaction. Though majority studies on OMV are about animal pathogens, yet recently the field of the role of OMV in plant-bacteria interactions has been gradually revealed. In this article centered on the discovery, emergence, ingredient, as well as the process of morbidity and stress of OMV, especially advances in correlated studies on biological function of OMV in plant-bacteria interaction were expatiated, to provide train of thought for studying on molecular mechanism and the application of bacterial OMV, and lay a foundation for extensively develop microbial OMV researches.