Study of COI sequences from endemic New Zealand aphids highlights high mitochondrial DNA diversity in Rhopalosiphina (Hemiptera: Aphididae) |
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| Authors: | Colleen Podmore Ian D Hogg Gabrielle M Drayton Barbara I P Barratt Ian A W Scott Robert G Foottit |
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| Institution: | 1. Analytica Laboratories, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand;2. Environmental Research Institute, School of Science, University of Waikato, New Zealand;3. Environmental Research Institute, School of Science, University of Waikato, New Zealand;4. Polar Knowledge Canada, Canadian High Arctic Research Station, Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, Canada;5. New Zealand Institute for Plant &6. Food Research Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand;7. AgResearch Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand;8. Better Border Biosecurity (B3), Lincoln, New Zealand;9. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre and Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Focussed searches were made across New Zealand between 2013 and 2016, for endemic aphids from the Schizaphis (Rhopalosiphina) genus, which is currently represented by two putative, undescribed species from the endemic host plants Aciphylla and Dracophyllum. Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene sequences (48 in total) from the Schizaphis were analysed together with those from a broader collection of New Zealand endemic aphids that has been assembled since the year 2000. The bulk of the Schizaphis belonged to two clusters corresponding to the host plant genera. Two aphids from central North Island Dracophyllum represented a much diverged lineage without clear affiliations to other New Zealand Schizaphis. Inter-population variation in the New Zealand Schizaphis was high compared with that seen in international studies of Aphidinae and among populations of other endemic New Zealand Aphidina. Within Schizaphis from Dracophyllum, geography played an apparent role in genetic structuring, with populations from Taranaki (North Island) and especially Mt Lyford (South Island) being divergent from those on the South Island main divide. Two distinct lineages of Schizaphis, which co-occurred at some sites, were found on Aciphylla. Our sequence comparisons, including GMYC analyses, indicated up to five New Zealand Schizaphis lineages, and two newly discovered endemic Aphis species from the host plants Clematis and Hebe. |
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| Keywords: | Aphid Schizaphis populations cytochrome oxidase I DNA barcoding |
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