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Zooplankton response to climate warming: a mesocosm experiment at contrasting temperatures and nutrient levels |
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| Authors: | Michal Šorf Thomas A. Davidson Sandra Brucet Rosemberg F. Menezes Martin Søndergaard Torben L. Lauridsen Frank Landkildehus Lone Liboriussen Erik Jeppesen |
| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic 2. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark 6. Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 3. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Vic, Vic, Spain 4. Departamento de Ecologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil 5. Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), Beijing, China |
| Abstract: | Zooplankton community response to the combined effects of nutrients and fish (hereafter N + F) at contrasting temperatures was studied in a long-term experiment conducted in 24 shallow lake mesocosms with low and high nutrient levels. We found a positive effect of N + F on zooplankton biomass, chlorophyll-a and turbidity. In contrast, zooplankton species and size diversity decreased with added N + F, as did submerged macrophyte plant volume inhabited (PVI). The community composition of zooplankton in high N + F mesocosms was related to chlorophyll-a and turbidity and to macrophyte PVI in the low N + F mesocosms. Macrophytes can protect zooplankton from fish predation. Compared to N + F effects, temperature appeared to have little effect on the zooplankton community. Yet analysis of community heterogeneity among treatments indicated a significant temperature effect at high N + F levels. The results indicate an indirect temperature effect at high N + F levels that can be attributed to temperature-dependent variation in fish density and/or chlorophyll-a concentration. |
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