Local Interactions Lead to Pathogen-Driven Change to Host Population Dynamics |
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Authors: | Michael Boots Dylan Childs Daniel C Reuman Michael Mealor |
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Institution: | 1Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;2Ecology and Evolution Section, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK |
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Abstract: | Individuals tend to interact more strongly with nearby individuals or within particular social groups. Recent theoretical advances have demonstrated that these within-population relationships can have fundamental implications for ecological and evolutionary dynamics 1], 2], 3], 4], 5], 6], 7], 8], 9], 10] and 11]. In particular, contact networks are crucial to the spread 12], 13] and 14] and evolution 8], 9], 11] and 15] of disease. However, the theory remains largely untested experimentally 16]. Here, we manipulate habitat viscosity and thereby the frequency of local interactions in an insect-pathogen model system in which the virus had previously been shown to have little effect on host population dynamics 16] and 17]. At high viscosity, the pathogen caused the collapse of dominant and otherwise stable host generation cycles. Modeling shows that this collapse can be explained by an increase in the frequency of intracohort interactions relative to intercohort interactions, leading to more disease transmission. Our work emphasizes that spatial structure can subtly mediate intraspecific competition and the effects of natural enemies. A decrease in dispersal in a population may actually (sometimes rather counterintuitively) intensify the effects of parasites. Broadly, because anthropological and environmental change often cause changes in population mixing, our work highlights the potential for dramatic changes in the effects of parasites on host populations. |
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Keywords: | ECOL_EVOL CELLIMMUNO |
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