Membrane lipid therapy: Modulation of the cell membrane composition and structure as a molecular base for drug discovery and new disease treatment |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;2. Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan;3. Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary;4. School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK;1. Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France;2. Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan;3. CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan;4. Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires (STIM), CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée (ERL) 7368, Université de Poitiers, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France;1. Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;2. Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA;1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;2. Biophysics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;3. Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8;4. Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8;5. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Nowadays we understand cell membranes not as a simple double lipid layer but as a collection of complex and dynamic protein–lipid structures and microdomains that serve as functional platforms for interacting signaling lipids and proteins. Membrane lipids and lipid structures participate directly as messengers or regulators of signal transduction. In addition, protein–lipid interactions participate in the localization of signaling protein partners to specific membrane microdomains. Thus, lipid alterations change cell signaling that are associated with a variety of diseases including cancer, obesity, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular pathologies, etc. This article reviews the newly emerging field of membrane lipid therapy which involves the pharmacological regulation of membrane lipid composition and structure for the treatment of diseases. Membrane lipid therapy proposes the use of new molecules specifically designed to modify membrane lipid structures and microdomains as pharmaceutical disease-modifying agents by reversing the malfunction or altering the expression of disease-specific protein or lipid signal cascades. Here, we provide an in-depth analysis of this emerging field, especially its molecular bases and its relevance to the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. |
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| Keywords: | Membrane lipid structure Membrane-protein interactions Membrane cell signaling G protein-membrane interactions Membrane-lipid therapy drugs |
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