International research ethics: progress, but not perfection |
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| Authors: | Jesus John E Higgs Elizabeth S |
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| Institution: | 1. Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 S.W. Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239, USA;2. Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 N.W. 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA;1. M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering Karur, Tamil Nadu, India;2. K.Ramakrishnan College of Technology, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India;3. Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;1. Program in Placebo Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;2. Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;3. Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;1. Ph.D of Agroecology, Agricultural College, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran;2. Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran;3. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, PO Box 465, Khorramabad, Iran;4. Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran;5. Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran;1. Brookings Institution, United Nations Foundation, 1775 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington DC 20036, United States;2. School of Global Policy and Strategy, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive #0519, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States;1. Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Children’s Research Institute, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;2. Bioinformatics Core, Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth & Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;3. Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;4. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA;5. Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;6. Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;7. Mindich Child Health and Development Institute and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;8. Departments of Pharmacology and Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;9. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA |
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| Abstract: | To the uninitiated researcher, bioethics can be a confusing and sometimes bureaucratic process. The recent debates in international research ethics have both increased understanding of contentious issues while extending confusion to the international arena. Here, we attempt to demystify bioethics, or more specifically international research ethics, by defining ethics in the context of morality, reviewing core Western ethical principles, and highlighting challenges in international research ethics. |
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