人母乳中分泌型免疫球蛋白A的抗体特异性分析

目的探讨人母乳中分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）的抗体特异性，了解母体所哺育的新生儿及婴儿对病原微生物的抵抗力，为预防新生儿及婴儿感染性疾病提供实验依据。方法制备轮状病毒、肠致病性大肠埃希菌。采用间接ELISA法检测81份配对初乳和成熟乳中针对轮状病毒、柯萨奇病毒、埃可病毒、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、幽门螺杆菌、空肠弯曲菌、肠致病性大肠埃希菌和沙门菌“O”9种病原微生物的特异性sIgA。Wester—blot鉴定9份初乳中抗肠致病性大肠埃希菌的特异性sIgA。结果81份初乳中均检出抗上述9种病原微生物的特异性sIgA，其阳性率按秩序分别为34．5％、6．2％、3．7％、18．5％、23．5％、8．6％、9。8％、11．1％和14．8％。81份成熟乳中仅检出抗轮状病毒、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、空肠弯曲菌、肠致病性大肠埃希菌和沙门菌O的sIgA，其阳性率分别为19．8％、7．4％、6．2％、2．5％、2．5％和3．7％。未检出抗柯萨奇病毒、埃可病毒和幽门螺杆菌的特异性sIgA。初乳中抗轮状病毒sIgA阳性率高于成熟乳（P〈0．05），抗腺病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒sIgA的阳性率高于成熟乳（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。Wester—blot鉴定9份初乳中含有3种对肠致病性大肠埃希菌的特异性sIgA。结论在母乳中含有抗多种病毒和细菌的特异性sIgA，其阳性率低于30％。初乳中特异性sIgA水平高于成熟乳。如何提高乳汁中的特异性sIgA水平，增强新生儿及婴儿的抗感染力，是儿童保健值得探讨的问题。

Analysis of antibody specificity of sIgA in human milk

Objective To get the message of the resistance to pathogenic microorganisms in newborns and infants fed on their mothers＇ milk, provide experimental proof for prevention of infectious diseases in newborns and infants ,and investigate the specificity of sIgA antibody in women milk. Method The specific sIgA against RV,Cox V,Echo V,Aden V, RSV, H. pylori, C J, EPEC and SalO in 81 pairs of eolostrum and mature milk were detected by ELISA. The specific sIgA antibodies against EPEC in 9 eolostrums were identified by Wester-blot. Result The specific slgA antibodies against the 9 pathogenic microorganisms mentioned above were identified from all of 81 colostrums. Their positive rates were in rum 34.5% ,23.5%, 18.5% ,6.2% ,3.7% ,8.6% ,9.8% ,11.1% and 14.8% respectively. Only the specific sIgA antibodies of RV,Aden, RSV,CJ,EPEC and SalO were identified in mature milk and their positive rates were 19.8% ,7.4% ,6.2%, 2.5% ,2.5% and 3.7% respectively. The positive rates of sIgA against RV in colostrum was significantly higher than that in mature milk （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The positive rates of sIgA against AdenV and RSV in colostnan were significantly higher than that in mature milk （P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01 ）. 3 kinds of specific sIgA against EPEC were identified from 9 colostrums by Wester-blot. Conclusion The specific slgA antibodies against various viruses and bacteria were found in human milk and their positive rates were less than 30%. The positive rates of slgA against RV, AdenV and RSV in colostrum were significantly higher than that in mature milk. It is meaningful to children＇s heahhcare to explore how to elevate the level of the specific sIgA in human milk and enhance the resistance of the newboms and infants against the infection.