Effect of growth temperature on ether lipid biochemistry in Archaeoglobus fulgidus |
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Authors: | Denton Lai James R Springstead Harold G Monbouquette |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 5531 Boelter Hall, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA |
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Abstract: | The archaea are distinguished by their unique isoprenoid ether lipids, which typically consist of the sn-2,3-diphytanylglycerol diether or sn-2,3-dibiphytanyldiglycerol tetraether core modified with a variety of polar headgroups. However, many hyperthermophilic archaea
also synthesize tetraether lipids with up to four pentacyclic rings per 40-carbon chain, presumably to improve membrane thermal
stability at temperatures up to∼110 °C. This study aimed to correlate the ratio of tetraether to diether core lipid, as well
as the presence of pentacyclic groups in tetraether lipids, with growth temperature for the hyperthermophilic archaeon, Archaeoglobus fulgidus. Analysis of the membrane core lipids of A. fulgidus using APCI–MS analysis revealed that the tetraether-to-diether lipid ratio increases from 0.3 ± 0.1 for cultures grown at
70°C to 0.9 ± 0.1 for cultures grown at 89°C. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) followed by APCI–MS analysis provided evidence
for no more than one pentacycle in the hydrocarbon chains of tetraether lipid from cultures grown at 70°C and up to 2 pentacycles
in the tetraether lipid from cultures grown at higher temperatures. Analysis of the polar lipid extract using TLC and negative-ion
ESI–MS suggested the presence of diether and tetraether phospholipids with inositol, glycosyl, and ethanolamine headgroup
chemistry. |
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Keywords: | Archaea Archaeoglobus fulgidus Diether lipid Tetraether lipid Isoprenoid ether lipids |
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