Candidate gene association mapping of Sclerotinia stalk rot resistance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) uncovers the importance of COI1 homologs |
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Authors: | Zahirul I. Talukder Brent S. Hulke Lili Qi Brian E. Scheffler Venkatramana Pegadaraju Kevin McPhee Thomas J. Gulya |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, 166 Loftsgard Hall, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA 2. USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, 1307 18th St. N., Fargo, ND, 58102, USA 3. USDA-ARS, Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Rd., Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA 4. BioDiagnostics Inc., 507 Highland Drive, River Falls, WI, 54022, USA
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Abstract: | Key message Functional markers for Sclerotinia basal stalk rot resistance in sunflower were obtained using gene-level information from the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. Abstract Sclerotinia stalk rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is one of the most destructive diseases of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) worldwide. Markers for genes controlling resistance to S. sclerotiorum will enable efficient marker-assisted selection (MAS). We sequenced eight candidate genes homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana defense genes known to be associated with Sclerotinia disease resistance in a sunflower association mapping population evaluated for Sclerotinia stalk rot resistance. The total candidate gene sequence regions covered a concatenated length of 3,791 bp per individual. A total of 187 polymorphic sites were detected for all candidate gene sequences, 149 of which were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 38 were insertions/deletions. Eight SNPs in the coding regions led to changes in amino acid codons. Linkage disequilibrium decay throughout the candidate gene regions declined on average to an r 2 = 0.2 for genetic intervals of 120 bp, but extended up to 350 bp with r 2 = 0.1. A general linear model with modification to account for population structure was found the best fitting model for this population and was used for association mapping. Both HaCOI1-1 and HaCOI1-2 were found to be strongly associated with Sclerotinia stalk rot resistance and explained 7.4 % of phenotypic variation in this population. These SNP markers associated with Sclerotinia stalk rot resistance can potentially be applied to the selection of favorable genotypes, which will significantly improve the efficiency of MAS during the development of stalk rot resistant cultivars. |
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