The most-probable-number enumeration of dichlobenil and 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) degrading microbes in Finnish aquifers |
| |
Authors: | Veera Pukkila Juhani Gustafsson Jari Tuominen Anri Aallonen Merja H. Kontro |
| |
Affiliation: | (1) Department of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland;(2) Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 140, 00251 Helsinki, Finland;(3) Ramboll Analytics Ltd., Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland |
| |
Abstract: | In groundwater subsurface deposits and a topsoil from five aquifers having 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) in water, we determined the most-probable-number (MPN) of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil) and metabolite BAM degrading microorganisms. Dichlobenil and BAM were combined nitrogen sources in the MPN tubes, which were scored positive at concentrations <75% after 1 month incubation. Aerobic and anaerobic microbes degrading dichlobenil and BAM were common in samples in low numbers of 3.6–210 MPN g dw−1. Additional degradation occurred in high MPN dilutions of some samples, the microbial numbers being 0.11–120 × 105 MPN g dw−1. The strains were isolated from low and high dilutions of one deposit, and degradation in pure cultures was confirmed by HPLC. According to the 16S rDNA sequencing, strains were from genera Zoogloea, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Rhodococcus, Nocardioides, Sphingomonas, and Ralstonia. Dichlobenil (45.5 ± 18.3%) and BAM (37.6 ± 14%) degradation was low in the MPN tubes. Despite of microbial BAM degradation activity in subsurface deposits, BAM was measured from groundwater. |
| |
Keywords: | 2,6- font-variant:small-caps" >Dichlorobenzonitrile 2,6- font-variant:small-caps" >Dichlorobenzamide Most-probable-number enumeration Biotic degradation Groundwater environment Topsoil |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|