Ethylene influences green plant regeneration from barley callus |
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Authors: | Ajay K Jha Lynn S Dahleen Jeffrey C Suttle |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA;(2) USDA-ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, Fargo, ND 58105, USA;(3) Present address: Department of Botany, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA |
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Abstract: | The plant hormone ethylene is involved in numerous plant processes including in vitro growth and regeneration. Manipulating
ethylene in vitro may be useful for increasing plant regeneration from cultured cells. As part of ongoing efforts to improve
plant regeneration from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), we investigated ethylene emanation using our improved system and investigated methods of manipulating ethylene to increase
regeneration. In vitro assays of regeneration from six cultivars, involving 10 weeks of callus initiation and proliferation
followed by 8 weeks of plant regeneration, showed a correlation between regeneration and ethylene production: ethylene production
was highest from ‘Golden Promise’, the best regenerator, and lowest from ‘Morex’ and ‘DH-20’, the poorest regenerators. Increasing
ethylene production by addition of 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid (ACC) during weeks 8–10 increased regeneration from
Morex. In contrast, adding ACC to Golden Promise cultures during any of the tissue culture steps reduced regeneration, suggesting
that Golden Promise may produce more ethylene than needed for maximum regeneration rates. Blocking ethylene action with silver
nitrate during weeks 5–10 almost doubled the regeneration from Morex and increased the Golden Promise regeneration 1.5-fold.
Silver nitrate treatment of Golden Promise cultures during weeks 8–14 more than doubled the green plant regeneration. These
results indicate that differential ethylene production is related to regeneration in the improved barley tissue culture system.
Specific manipulations of ethylene were identified that can be used to increase the green plant regeneration from barley cultivars.
The timing of ethylene action appears to be critical for maximum regeneration. |
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Keywords: | ACC Hordeum vulgare Silver nitrate |
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