Exogenous nitric oxide improves seed germination in wheat against mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by high salinity |
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| Authors: | Chunfang Zheng Dong Jiang Fulai Liu Tingbo Dai Weicheng Liu Qi Jing Weixing Cao |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture/Hi-Tech Key Laboratory of Information Agriculture of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, PR China;2. Department of Agriculture and Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Allé 13, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark;3. Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325000, PR China;1. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Agriculture Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey;2. Field Crops, Agriculture Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey;3. Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;4. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan;5. Department of Botany, S.P. College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India;1. Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan;2. Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA;3. Biological Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST), 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan;1. Department of Botany, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan;2. Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China;3. Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, 26000, Pakistan;4. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan;5. Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan;6. College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China;7. Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, Pakistan;1. Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India;1. National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067 New Delhi, India;2. Institute of Environmental and Rural Science, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK |
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| Abstract: | Effects of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on starch degradation, oxidation in mitochondria and K+/Na+ accumulation during seed germination of wheat were investigated under a high salinity level. Seeds of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Huaimai 17) were pre-soaked with 0 mM or 0.1 mM of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, as nitric oxide donor) for 20 h just before germination under 300 mM NaCl. At 300 mM NaCl, exogenous NO increased germination rate and weights of coleoptile and radicle, but decreased seed weight. Exogenous NO also enhanced seed respiration rate and ATP synthesis. In addition, seed starch content decreased while soluble sugar content increased by exogenous NO pre-treatment, which was in accordance with the improved amylase activities in the germinating seeds. Exogenous NO increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6); whereas decreased the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide anions (O2??) release rate in the mitochondria. Exogenous NO also decreased Na+ concentration while increased K+ concentration in the seeds thereby maintained a balance between K+ and Na+ during germination under salt stress. It is concluded that exogenous NO treatment on wheat seeds may be a good option to improve seed germination and crop establishment under saline conditions. |
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