Stable isotopes reveal seasonal competition for resources between late Pleistocene bison (Bison) and horse (Equus) from Rancho La Brea,southern California |
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| Authors: | Robert S Feranec Elizabeth A Hadly Adina Paytan |
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| Institution: | 1. IPHES, Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n., Campus Sescelades URV (Edifici W3), 43007 Tarragona, Spain;2. Àrea de Prehistòria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Avinguda de Catalunya 35, 43002 Tarragona, Spain;3. ICREA, Barcelona, Spain;4. Departament de Prehistòria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Facultat de Lletres-Edifici B, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;1. Laboratorio de Paleontología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. R 2°, Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58030 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico;2. Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Edifici Z, Campus de la UAB, C/ de las Columnes s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain;3. Laboratorio de Entomología “Biol. Sócrates Cisneros Paz”, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. B4 2°, Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico;4. Laboratorio de Arqueozoología “M. en C. Ticul Álvarez Solórzano”, Subdirección de laboratorio y Apoyo Académico, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Moneda #16, Col. Centro, 06060, Distrito Federal, Mexico;5. Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04150 México, Distrito Federal, Mexico;6. Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Determining how organisms partition or compete for resources within ecosystems can reveal how communities are assembled. The Late Pleistocene deposits at Rancho La Brea are exceptionally diverse in large mammalian carnivores and herbivores, and afford a unique opportunity to study resource use and partitioning among these megafauna. Resource use was examined in bison and horses by serially sampling the stable carbon and oxygen isotope values found within tooth enamel of individual teeth of seven bison and five horses. Oxygen isotope results for both species reveal a pattern of seasonal enamel growth, while carbon isotope values reveal a more subtle seasonal pattern of dietary preferences. Both species ate a diet dominated by C3 plants, but bison regularly incorporated C4 plants into their diets, while horses ate C4 plants only occasionally. Bison had greater total variation in carbon isotope values than did horses implying migration away from Rancho La Brea. Bison appear to incorporate more C4 plants into their diets during winter, which corresponds to previous studies suggesting that Rancho La Brea, primarily surrounded by C3 plants, was used by bison only during late spring. The examination of intra-tooth isotopic variation which reveals intra-seasonal resource use among bison and horse at Rancho La Brea highlights the utility of isotopic techniques for understanding the intricacies of ecology within and between ancient mammals. |
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