Lead,zinc, cadmium hyperaccumulation and growth stimulation in Arabis paniculata Franch |
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| Authors: | Ye-Tao Tang Rong-Liang Qiu Xiao-Wen Zeng Rong-Rong Ying Fang-Ming Yu Xiao-Yong Zhou |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China;2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, PR China;1. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Xueyuan Rd D11, Beijing 100083, China;2. College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Rd 19A, Beijing 100049, China;1. School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia;2. Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia;3. Université de Lorraine – INRA, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, France;1. Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville SC 29613, USA;2. Palmerston North, New Zealand;3. School of Botany, The University of Melbourne and Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, University of Queensland, Australia;1. Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitor, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China;2. Guangzhou Research Academy of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510620, PR China;3. State Key Laboratory for Bio-control, and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China;1. College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China;2. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan;3. College of Architecture and Urban & Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611830, China;4. Institute of Biotechnology and Fine Variety Research, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610081, China |
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| Abstract: | Metal hyperaccumulation is of great interest in recent years because of its potential application for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. In this study, a field survey and a hydroponic experiment were conducted to study the accumulation characteristics of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) in Arabis paniculata Franch., which was found in Yunnan Province, China. The field survey showed that the wild population of A. paniculata was hyper-tolerant to extremely high concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd, and could accumulate in shoots an average level of 2300 mg kg?1 dry weight (DW) Pb, 20,800 mg kg?1 Zn and 434 mg kg?1 Cd, with their translocation factors (TFs) all above one. Under the hydroponic culture, stimulatory effects of Pb, Zn and Cd on shoot dry biomass were noted from 24 to 193 μM Pb, 9 to 178 μM Cd and all Zn supply levels in nutrient solution, while the effects were not obvious in the roots. Chlorophyll concentrations in Pb, Zn and Cd treatments showed an inverted U-shaped pattern, consistent with the change of plant biomass. Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations in the shoots and roots increased sharply with increasing Pb, Zn and Cd supply levels. They reached > 1000 mg kg?1 Pb, 10,000 mg kg?1 Zn and 100 mg kg?1 Cd DW in the 24 μM Pb, 1223 μM Zn and 9 μM Cd treatment, respectively, in which the plants grew healthy and did not show any symptoms of phytotoxicity. The TFs of Zn were basically higher than one and the amount of Zn taken by shoots ranged from 78.7 to 90.4% of the total Zn. However, the TFs of Pb and Cd were well below one, and 55.0–67.5% of total Pb and 57.8–83.5% of total Cd was accumulated in the shoots. These results indicate that A. paniculata has a strong ability to tolerate and hyperaccumulate Pb, Zn and Cd. Meanwhile, suitable levels of Pb, Zn and Cd could stimulate the biomass production and chlorophyll concentrations of A. paniculata. Thus, it provides a new plant material for understanding the mechanisms of stimulatory effect and co-hyperaccumulation of multiple heavy metals. |
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