Chemotaxonomic significance of volatile compounds in Thymus samius and its related species Thymus atticus and Thymus parnassicus |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece;2. Laboratory of Systematic Botany, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece;1. Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and;2. Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;3. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt;1. Université Lille 2, F-59000 Lille, France;2. Inserm, U1011, F-59000 Lille, France;3. Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019 Lille, France;4. European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508, F-59000 Lille, France;5. Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, France;6. Department of Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital, F-59000 Lille, France;7. Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;1. Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;2. Tumour Angiogenesis Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;3. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;4. Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia;5. Department of Cancer Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;6. Cousins Center for PNI, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA AIDS Institute and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;2. Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;1. Yuzuncu Yıl University, Department of Biology, Van 65000, Turkey;2. Bingöl University, Department of Biology, Bingöl 12000, Turkey;3. Tunceli University, Pertek Sakine Genç Vocational School, Pertek, Tunceli 62500, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | Thymus samius, a rare species endemic to the island of Samos (East Aegean, Greece), has been considered to be of possible hybrid origin, with Thymus cilicicus, Thymus parnassicus or Thymus zygioides as putative parents. Morphologically it also resembles Thymus atticus. In order to evaluate any possible chemotaxonomic relationships indicated by the qualitative and/or quantitative differentiation of volatile compounds, the essential oils of T. samius, T. parnassicus and T. atticus were analyzed and the oils of T. cilicicus and T. zygioides were used for comparison. T. atticus presents considerable variation in chemical constituents, with all Greek populations being poor in thymol/carvacrol and rich in (E)-nerolidol, germacrene D, (E)-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, 1,8-cineole, α-pinene and camphene, depending on the sample. T. parnassicus shows remarkable qualitative stability in its volatile constituents, and all its populations have a similar profile with (E)-caryophyllene being the most prominent compound. T. samius is characterized by the presence of germacrene D and β-bisabolene, which constitute almost half its oil percentage. This species is also characterized by a low amount of monoterpenes; the latter exist in a considerable percentage in the related species. Our results indicate that T. samius does not show similarity or intermediacy in chemical compounds with any given couple of T. atticus, T. parnassicus, T. cilicicus, or T. zygioides. |
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