Enfermedad de Alzheimer y calidad de vida del cuidador informal

Background

Along with an ageing population, a higher incidence of chronic diseases leads to increasingly complex health profiles. The relationship between survival, dependence, and social and demographic trends affecting caregiving, has led to an increase in the negative consequences associated with care provision. In this context, an assessment needs to be made on the impact that caregiving has on the well-being of the caregivers. The main aim of this article is to study the factors that determine the Quality of Life (QoL) of those who provide informal care to people suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods

A total of 175 caregivers of people with AD were recruited through the Galician Association for Relatives with Alzheimer. These caregivers completed a questionnaire (EQ-5D) that gathered sociodemographic and health variables, QoL, and care characteristics. Multiple regression models were calculated to explain the QoL of the caregivers.

Results

Of the five dimensions that the EQ-5D used to describe health, anxiety/depression was the one that concerned the largest percentage of caregivers who declared the highest levels of severity. The key variables for explaining QoL are those related to caregiver health status, periods of rest during caregiving, and the presence of a second caregiver.

Conclusions

Maintaining a minimal QoL among the caregivers not only has repercussions on the caregivers themselves, but also has an impact on those receiving care and the entire health system, which would have to find replacements for those informal caregivers.