The challenge of enzyme cost in the production of lignocellulosic biofuels |
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Authors: | Klein-Marcuschamer Daniel Oleskowicz-Popiel Piotr Simmons Blake A Blanch Harvey W |
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Institution: | Joint Bioenergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St. Emeryville, California 94608, USA. |
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Abstract: | With the aim of understanding the contribution of enzymes to the cost of lignocellulosic biofuels, we constructed a techno-economic model for the production of fungal cellulases. We found that the cost of producing enzymes was much higher than that commonly assumed in the literature. For example, the cost contribution of enzymes to ethanol produced by the conversion of corn stover was found to be $0.68/gal if the sugars in the biomass could be converted at maximum theoretical yields, and $1.47/gal if the yields were based on saccharification and fermentation yields that have been previously reported in the scientific literature. We performed a sensitivity analysis to study the effect of feedstock prices and fermentation times on the cost contribution of enzymes to ethanol price. We conclude that a significant effort is still required to lower the contribution of enzymes to biofuel production costs. |
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Keywords: | cellulase process model techno‐economic analysis biofuels enzyme costs enzyme loading |
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