中国跳鼠总科物种的系统分类学研究进展

近年来,随着分子系统学的发展以及荒漠地区物种多样性和分类学研究的深入,新的隐存种不断被发现,一些类群的分类地位也发生了变动。中国是世界上跳鼠总科(Dipodoidea)物种多样性最高的国家,通过对中国跳鼠总科物种的分类系统进行重新梳理和研究,确认跳鼠总科在中国有3科6亚科12属22种。证实中国分布有第五种蹶鼠——灰蹶鼠(Sicista pseudonapaea)。五趾跳鼠亚科原属Allactaga是一个并系群,应拆分为Allactaga、Orientallactaga、Scarturus三个属;原五趾跳鼠、巨泡五趾跳鼠、巴里坤跳鼠归于Orientallactaga属,小五趾跳鼠移入Scarturus属,且是一个包含隐存种的种团。大五趾跳鼠在我国仅有文献记载,其分布存疑。跳鼠亚科原三趾跳鼠努日亚种提升为种——塔里木跳鼠(Dipus deasyi);而准噶尔羽尾跳鼠(Stylodipus sungorus)在我国有分布。奇美跳鼠(Chimaerodipus auritus)是近年来在我国发现并命名的新属新种。

Review on the systematic taxonomy of Dipodoidea in China

In recent years, with the development of molecular systematics and the further research on species diversity and taxonomy in desert areas, new cryptic species have been discovered continuously, and the taxonomic status of some taxa has also changed. China has the highest species diversity of Dipodoidea in the world. It has been confirmed that there are 3 families, 6 subfamilies, 12 genera and 22 species in China after taxonomic study of Dipodoidea. We proved that there is a fifth kind of brich mouse in China-Gray Brich Mouse, Sicista pseudonapaea. The previous genus Allactaga of the Allactaginae is a paraphyly; and it should be divided into three genera, Allactaga, Orientallactaga, and Scarturus. The genus names of Siberian Jerboa, Gobi Jerboa, and Balikun Jerboa were changed to Orientallactaga. The Small Five-toed Jerboa changed into the genus Scarturus, which was proved as a species group containing cryptic species. The distribution of Great Jerboa in China is doubtful. The previous subspecies deasyi of North Three-toed Jerboa was promoted to species status——Tarim Jerboa, D. deasyi. The results show that Dzungarian Three-toed Jerboa, Stylodipus sungorus is distributed in China. A new genus and species Chimaera Jerboa, Chimaerodipus auratus, was named in recent years in China.