中国哺乳动物生理生态学研究进展与展望

中国哺乳动物生理生态学研究自20世纪50年代始，经过70多年的发展，已系统研究了分布于青藏高原、内蒙古草原、横断山脉等地理分布区的代表性物种的生理适应性，研究主题包括能量代谢和体温调节、冬眠（蛰眠）、水代谢、生态免疫、肠道菌群与宿主的能量代谢和产热调节，研究物种以小型哺乳动物为主。在新时期除了进一步加强对极端环境的生理适应研究外，也需关注大型动物对环境的生理适应，发展新兴领域如保护生理学等，同时要借助多组学技术、同位素技术、遥感技术、红外技术等，加强对动物生理适应的机理性探究。本文回顾了中国哺乳动物生理生态学的发展历程，总结了主要领域取得的重要进展。

Research advances and prespectives in mammal physiological ecology in China

After more than 70 years of development, mammalian physiological ecology in China has made great progress in the study of physiological adaptation of animals living in different geographical environments, such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Inner Mongolia Grassland, and the Hengduan Mountains. The main research topics include energy metabolism and body temperature regulation, hibernation physiology, water metabolism, ecological immunology, and the thermoregulatory role of gut microbiota. Some topics and areas still require more effort, such as physiological adaptation of mammals to extreme environments, large mammals physiology and conservation physiology. The new technologies need to be better integrated including the multi-omics technology, isotope technology, and remote sensing technology. This paper reviews the main advances of mammalian physiological ecology in China.