Current and future uses of skeletal stem cells for bone regeneration |
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Authors: | Guo-Ping Xu Xiang-Feng Zhang Lu Sun Er-Man Chen |
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Affiliation: | Guo-Ping Xu, Xiang-Feng Zhang, Er-Man Chen, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, ChinaLu Sun, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, United States |
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Abstract: | The postnatal skeleton undergoes growth, modeling, and remodeling. The human skeleton is a composite of diverse tissue types, including bone, cartilage, fat, fibroblasts, nerves, blood vessels, and hematopoietic cells. Fracture nonunion and bone defects are among the most challenging clinical problems in orthopedic trauma. The incidence of nonunion or bone defects following fractures is increasing. Stem and progenitor cells mediate homeostasis and regeneration in postnatal tissue, including bone tissue. As multipotent stem cells, skeletal stem cells (SSCs) have a strong effect on the growth, differentiation, and repair of bone regeneration. In recent years, a number of important studies have characterized the hierarchy, differential potential, and bone formation of SSCs. Here, we describe studies on and applications of SSCs and/or mesenchymal stem cells for bone regeneration. |
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Keywords: | Skeletal stem cell Mesenchymal stem cell Bone regeneration Periosteum Bone marrow Skeleton |
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