Tracing the trilobite tree from the root to the tips: A model marriage of fossils and phylogeny |
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| Authors: | Bruce S Lieberman Talia S Karim |
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| Institution: | 1. Center for Marine Environment Studies, Kumamoto University, 6061 Matsushima-cho, Kami-amakusa, Kumamoto 861-6102, Japan;2. University of Cologne, Departments of Biology Education (Zoology) and Neurobiology/Animal Physiology, Gronewaldstrasse 2, D-50931 Köln, Germany;3. Université Cadi Ayyad, Département des Sciences de la Terre, Ave Abdelkrim Khattabi, B.P. 549, 40000 Marrakech, Morocco;4. 1552-141, Honden, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0236, Japan;5. School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Scotland, UK;6. Kyushu University Museum, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan;1. Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia;2. Department of Geology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;3. Institute of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia;1. CNRS, Université de Lille - Sciences et Technologies, UMR 8198 Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59655 Villeneuve d''Ascq, France;2. Department of Geology, University of Leicester, UK;3. CNRS, Université de Lyon1, UMR 5276 LGTPE, F-69622 VILLEURBANNE, France;4. Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich, Switzerland;5. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Delaware, USA;6. GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany;7. SNSB, Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology, Geobio-Center LMU, München, Germany;8. Department of Geology, Ghent University, Belgium;9. Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;10. Centre for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, University of Copenhagen, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | Trilobites are a highly diverse group of extinct arthropods that persisted for nearly 300 million years. During that time, there was a profusion of morphological form, and they occupied a plethora of marine habitats. Their diversity, relative abundance, and complex morphology make them excellent candidates for phylogenetic analysis, and partly as a consequence they have been the subject of many cladistic studies. Although phylogenetic knowledge is certainly incomplete, our understanding of evolutionary patterns within the group has dramatically increased over the last 30 years. Moreover, trilobites have formed an important component of various studies of macroevolutionary processes. Here, we summarize the phylogenetic breadth of knowledge on the Trilobita, and present various hypotheses about phylogenetic patterns within the group, from the highest to the lowest taxonomic levels. Key topics we consider include the question of trilobite monophyly, the phylogenetic position of trilobites vis à vis extant arthropod groups, and inter- and intra-ordinal relationships. |
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