Opiate withdrawal increases ornithine decarboxylase activity which is otherwise unaltered in brains of dependent chicken fetuses

We have used the developing chicken to determine if ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity is altered in fetuses chronically exposed to the opiate N-desmethyl-l-alpha-acetylmethadol (NLAAM) or rendered abstinent by acute injection of naloxone (Nx). Exposure to NLAAM from day 3 of embryogenesis did not significantly change brain ODC activity in 15, 17 or 19-day-old fetuses. Acute treatment of 17-day-old fetuses with a motility suppressant dose of NLAAM did not differentially affect ODC activity in NLAAM-dependent fetuses, but an additional treatment with Nx, which precipitated withdrawal, resulted in a significant increase in ODC activity in this group. We conclude that withdrawal can alter fetal ODC activity which otherwise appears normal, even though fetuses have been chronically exposed to and dependent upon an opiate.