Resting energy expenditure in young adults born preterm--the Helsinki study of very low birth weight adults |
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Authors: | Sipola-Leppänen Marika Hovi Petteri Andersson Sture Wehkalampi Karoliina Vääräsmäki Marja Strang-Karlsson Sonja Järvenpää Anna-Liisa Mäkitie Outi Eriksson Johan G Kajantie Eero |
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Institution: | Diabetes Prevention Unit, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland. |
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Abstract: | BackgroundAdults born preterm with very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500g) have higher
levels of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors than their counterparts
born at term. Resting energy expenditure (REE) could be one factor
contributing to, or protecting from, these risks. We studied the effects of
premature birth with VLBW on REE.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe used indirect calorimetry to measure REE and dual x-ray absorptiometry
(DXA) to measure lean body mass (LBM) in 116 VLBW and in 118 term-born
control individuals (mean age: 22.5 years, SD 2.2) participating in a cohort
study. Compared with controls VLBW adults had 6.3% lower REE
(95% CI 3.2, 9.3) adjusted for age and sex, but 6.1% higher
REE/LBM ratio (95% CI 3.4, 8.6). These differences remained similar
when further adjusted for parental education, daily smoking, body fat
percentage and self-reported leisure time exercise intensity, duration and
frequency.Conclusions/SignificanceAdults born prematurely with very low birth weight have higher resting energy
expenditure per unit lean body mass than their peers born at term. This is
not explained by differences in childhood socio-economic status, current fat
percentage, smoking or leisure time physical activity. Presence of
metabolically more active tissue could protect people with very low birth
weight from obesity and subsequent risk of chronic disease. |
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