Molecular studies in olive (Olea europaea L.): overview on DNA markers applications and recent advances in genome analysis |
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Authors: | T Bracci M Busconi C Fogher L Sebastiani |
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Institution: | (1) Biolabs, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libert? 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy;(2) Istituto di Agronomia, Genetica e Coltivazioni Erbacee, Universit? Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emila Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; |
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Abstract: | Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the oldest agricultural tree crops worldwide and is an important source of oil with beneficial properties for
human health. This emblematic tree crop of the Mediterranean Basin, which has conserved a very wide germplasm estimated in
more than 1,200 cultivars, is a diploid species (2n = 2x = 46) that is present in two forms, namely wild (Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. sylvestris) and cultivated (Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. europaea). In spite of its economic and nutritional importance, there are few data about the genetic of olive if compared with other
fruit crops. Available molecular data are especially related to the application of molecular markers to the analysis of genetic
variability in Olea europaea complex and to develop efficient molecular tools for the olive oil origin traceability. With regard to genomic research,
in the last years efforts are made for the identification of expressed sequence tag, with particular interest in those sequences
expressed during fruit development and in pollen allergens. Very recently the sequencing of chloroplast genome provided new
information on the olive nucleotide sequence, opening the olive genomic era. In this article, we provide an overview of the
most relevant results in olive molecular studies. A particular attention was given to DNA markers and their application that
constitute the most part of published researches. The first important results in genome analysis were reported. |
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