Hypoxia-inducible factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in the neuroretina and retinal blood vessels after retinal ischemia |
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Authors: | Gisela Håkansson Bodil Gesslein Lotta Gustafsson Ulrica Englund-Johansson Malin Malmsjö |
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Affiliation: | 1Department of Ophthalmology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden ;2Vascular Research, Lund University, BMC A13, 221 84 Lund, Sweden |
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Abstract: | Retinal ischemia arises from circulatory failure. As the retinal blood vessels are key organs in circulatory failure, our aim was to study the retinal vasculature separately from the neuroretina to elucidate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α and 1β and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in retinal ischemia. Retinal ischemia was induced in porcine eyes by applying an intraocular pressure, followed by 12 h of reperfusion. HIF-1α mRNA expression was not affected by ischemia, while immunofluorescence staining was higher after ischemia in the neuroretina. HIF-1β immunoreactivity and mRNA expression were unaffected. VEGF protein levels in the vitreous humor and VEGF staining in the neuroretina were more pronounced in eyes subjected to ischemia than in the sham eyes. VEGF may be activated downstream of HIF-1 and is known to stimulate retinal neovascularization, which causes sight-threatening complications. These results emphasize the need for pharmacological treatment to block the HIF and VEGF signaling pathways in retinal ischemia. |
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Keywords: | Blood vessels Hypoxia-inducible factor Ischemia Porcine Retina Vascular endothelial growth factor |
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