半散放梅花鹿昼间行为节律的初步研究

2007年4月至8月,以江苏省扬州市瘦西湖景区茱萸湾公园梅花鹿(Cervus nippon)为研究对象,采用扫描取样法(Scansampling)和全事件记录方法(All-occurrence recording),研究了28只梅花鹿昼间行为节律。结果表明:梅花鹿昼间取食、卧息、观望、反刍、移动、修饰行为频次依次减少,取食和卧息行为频次占昼间行为的80%。昼活动节律中,取食和反刍行为频次有两个高峰期,分别在7:30和17:30左右。而卧息行为频次高峰期在11:00～14:00之间。对公鹿、母鹿和幼鹿群体取食和卧息行为频次分析表明,在9:30～11:30时间段和12:30～17:30连续时间段内,公鹿及母鹿取食频次与幼鹿取食频次差异显著,在7:30～8:30和9:30～10:30及12:30～17:30连续时间段内,公鹿的卧息行为频次与母鹿和幼鹿卧息行为频次差异显著。本结论可为梅花鹿饲养管理和遗传保护提供基础理论依据。

Research of Diurnal Activity Rhythm of House-hold Sika Deer

The activity rhythm of 28 house-hold sika deer was observed by using scan sampling and all-occurrence recording methods from April to August, 2007. The results showed the frequencies of eating, ruminating, relaxing, observing, removing and grooming behavior decreased by turns, and the frequencies of eating and relaxing behavior occupied 80% in all diurnal activities.There were two peaks for the frequencies of eating and ruminating at about 7:30 and 17:30. The peak for the frequencies of relaxing was from 11:00 to 14:00. The difference among the male, the female and the young in eating and relaxing behavior was analyzed, and the results showed there was significant difference in eating behavior in the period of 9:30-11:30 and 12:30-17:30 for the old and the young. In the period of 7:30-8:30, 9:30-10:30 and 12:30-17:30, there was significant difference in relaxingbehavior between the male and the female. Our results can provide some basic theory for breeding and protecting sika deer.