东亚飞蝗天敌——中国雏蜂虻的研究

中国雏蜂虻Anastoechus chinensis Paramonov 是主要以幼虫取食东亚飞蝗Locusta migratoria manilensis(Meyen)蝗卵的重要天敌，隶属双翅目，短角亚目，蜂虻科Bombyliidae.蜂虻亚 科Bombyliinae，它是国内首次发现；研究其大面积的保护利用在国内外均属首例。中国雏蜂虻主要分布 在山东，河北，天津等省、市滨海蝗区，发生于蝗卵卵块的比率较高，一般年份在50%左右，高达75%以上。 它一年发生一代，以卵在蝗卵块内及附近土中越冬，翌年4至5月以幼虫吸取蝗虫卵粒汁液，对东亚飞蝗一代控制能力较强，有较高的保护利用价。作者从1982年至1987年间，对中国雏蜂虻的形态特征，生物学特性，生态学特性及其保护利用措施等方面进行了较系统的研究，并进行了大面积的保护利用工作，为生物治蝗开拓了新的途径。

STUDIES ON ANASTOECHUS CHINENSIS PARAMONOV A NATURAL ENEMY OF LOCUSTA MIGRATORIA MANILENSIS (MEYEN)

Anastoechus chinensis Paramonov is an important natural enemy of the Orien-tal migratory locust, Locusta migratcria manilensis (Meyen). It belongs to Bomby-litnae, Bombyliidae, Brachycera, Diptera, It is discovered and studied for the first time in the littoral locust areas in Shamong, Hebei and Tianjin. Its association with the locust egg masses amounted to about 50% in general and may reach over 75%. It breeds one generation per year in North China and its eggs overwinter in the locust egg masses or in the nearby soil, in the next April or May the eggs hatches into larvae which tuck the egg contents to kill the eggs. It was found that this species can effectively suppress the population of the first generation of the Oriental migratory locust and thus serve as a useful means in locust control. From 1982 to 1987 studies were carried out on its morphology, behaviour and application in locust control. It was confirmed that it can be effectively used in the control of the Oriental migratory Jocust by providing sufficient food resource for the adults which consists essentially the nector from Limonium bicolor (Bunge) Kuntze and Hetero-pappus altaicus (Willd) Novopokr of the local flora.