Metabolism of R,S-[2-14C]abscisic acid by non-stressed and water-stressed detached leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Metabolism of R,S-[2-¹⁴C]abscisic acid (ABA) was studied in detached leaves of six wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, using non-stressed leaves or leaves water stressed by desiccation to 90% of their original fresh weight. The rate constant of ABA metabolism was similar in nonstressed leaves of all cultivars. Water stress resulted in significantly lower rate constants in two cultivars which accumulated high levels of ABA when stressed, the constants decreasing by a factor of about 1.5. Rate constants for the remainder of the cultivars were not significantly different from those for the non-stressed controls. It was calculated that if decreased metabolism was the mechanism for the accumulation of ABA following water stress the rate constants of metabolism would have to be reduced by a factor of between 25 and 70. The results therefore support the hypothesis that enhanced synthesis rather than reduced degradation is the main process by which ABA levels are elevated following experimentally induced water stress. There were differences between the six cultivars in the products of ABA metabolism. Over the time period studied, oxidation to phaseic acid and dihydrophaseic acid as well as to other unidentified metabolites appeared to be the predominant pathway of ABA metabolism, rather than conjugation to ABA glucose ester and other more polar compounds.Abbreviations ABA abscisic acid - ABAGE abscisic-acid glucose ester - DPA dihydrophaseic acid - PA phaseic acid