Antimicrobial peptides from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phyllomedusa</Emphasis> frogs: from biomolecular diversity to potential nanotechnologic medical applications |
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Authors: | Leonardo de Azevedo Calderon Alexandre de Almeida E Silva Pietro Ciancaglini Rodrigo Guerino Stábeli |
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Institution: | 1.Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Medicina “Professor Dr. José Roberto Giglio” (CEBio), Núcleo de Saúde (NUSAU),Universidade Federal de Rond?nia (UNIR),Porto Velho,Brazil;2.Instituto de Pesquisas em Patologias Tropicais de Rond?nia (IPEPATRO),Porto Velho,Brazil;3.Laboratório de Bioecologia de Insetos, Departamento de Biologia, Núcleo de Ciência e Tecnologia (NCT),Universidade Federal de Rond?nia (UNIR),Porto Velho,Brazil;4.Departamento de Química da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeir?o Preto (FFCLRP),Universidade de S?o Paulo (USP),Ribeir?o Preto,Brazil;5.Funda??o Oswaldo Cruz do Noroeste do Brasil, Funda??o Oswaldo Cruz,Porto Velho,Brazil |
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Abstract: | Screening for new bioactive peptides in South American anurans has been pioneered in frogs of the genus Phyllomedusa. All frogs of this genus have venomous skin secretions, i.e., a complex mixture of bioactive peptides against potential predators
and pathogens that presumably evolved in a scenario of predator–prey interaction and defense against microbial invasion. For
every new anuran species studied new peptides are found, with homologies to hormones, neurotransmitters, antimicrobials, and
several other peptides with unknown biological activity. From Vittorio Erspamer findings, this genus has been reported as
a “treasure store” of bioactive peptides, and several groups focus their research on these species. From 1966 to 2009, more
than 200 peptide sequences from different Phyllomedusa species were deposited in UniProt and other databases. During the last decade, the emergence of high-throughput molecular
technologies involving de novo peptide sequencing via tandem mass spectrometry, cDNA cloning, pharmacological screening, and
surface plasmon resonance applied to peptide discovery, led to fast structural data acquisition and the generation of peptide
molecular libraries. Research groups on bioactive peptides in Brazil using these new technologies, accounted for the exponential
increase of new molecules described in the last decade, much higher than in any previous decades. Recently, these secretions
were also reported as a rich source of multiple antimicrobial peptides effective against multidrug resistant strains of bacteria,
fungi, protozoa, and virus, providing instructive lessons for the development of new and more efficient nanotechnological-based
therapies for infectious diseases treatment. Therefore, novel drugs arising from the identification and analysis of bioactive
peptides from South American anuran biodiversity have a promising future role on nanobiotechnology. |
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