Efficiency of pretreatments for optimal enzymatic saccharification of soybean fiber |
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Authors: | Karki Bishnu Maurer Devin Jung Stephanie |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1061, USA b Center for Crops Utilization Research Center, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1061, USA |
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Abstract: | The effectiveness of several pretreatments [high-power ultrasound, sulfuric acid (H2SO4), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and ammonium hydroxide (NH3OH)] to enhance glucose production from insoluble fractions recovered from enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction processing of extruded full-fat soybean flakes (FFSF) was investigated. Sonication of the insoluble fraction at 144 μmpp (peak-to-peak) for 30 and 60 s did not improve the saccharification yield. The solid fractions recovered after pretreatment with H2SO4 [1% (w/w), 90 °C, 1.5 h], NaOH [15% (w/w), 65 °C, 17 h], and NH3OH [15% (w/w), 65 °C, 17 h] showed significant lignin degradation, i.e., 81.9%, 71.2%, and 75.4%, respectively, when compared to the control (7.4%). NH3OH pretreatment resulted in the highest saccharification yield (63%) after 48 h of enzymatic saccharification. A treatment combining the extraction and saccharification steps and applied directly to the extruded FFSF, where oil extraction yield and saccharification yield reached 98% and 43%, respectively, was identified. |
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Keywords: | AC, accellerase 1000 AEP, aqueous extraction processing AIL, acid insoluble lignin ASL, acid soluble lignin db, dry basis EAEP, enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction processing FFSF, full-fat soybean flakes FPU, filter paper units LSD, least significant difference NA, not available ND, not determined NREL, national renewable energy laboratory P6L, protex 6L P50FP, protex 50FP S.R., solid remaining SLR, solid-to-liquid ratio |
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