首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
   检索      


Environmental and spatial drivers of beta diversity components of chironomid metacommunities in contrasting freshwater systems
Authors:András Specziár  Diána Árva  Mónika Tóth  Arnold Móra  Dénes Schmera  Gábor Várbíró  Tibor Erős
Institution:1.Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology,University of Barcelona,Catalonia,Spain;2.Biodiversity Research Institute (IrBIO), University of Barcelona,Catalonia,Spain;3.Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology,University of Barcelona,Catalonia,Spain
Abstract:Marine sponges are exposed to predation as well as to a wide array of potentially harmful microorganisms, and therefore they often possess chemical activity against putative predators and/or pathogens. Some crude extracts from sponges are effective in avoiding microbial colonization or potential infections, and in protecting them against predation. Here, the antibacterial activity of 18 sponge species of Antarctic shallow-waters was tested against four Antarctic and four human pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, all sponge extracts were tested for feeding repellence against the seastar Odontaster validus, one of the main predators living in those habitats. All the sponges showed antibacterial activity against at least one bacterial isolate, although not all of them were active against pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial effect against sympatric bacteria was stronger than to pathogenic bacteria. In contrast, feeding deterrence was low, with similar activities in both hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts. Only four sponges (Myxilla lyssostyla, Phorbas areolatus, Polymastia invaginata and Iophon sp.), presented repellent chemical defenses. Therefore, we conclude that chemical defenses are widespread in Antarctic shallow-water sponges, and in fact, these sponges are better protected against bacteria than against the seastar predator. We conclude that Antarctic sponges represent a valuable source of biological active compounds with pharmacological and potential ecological relevance.
Keywords:
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录!
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号