Combined effects of aging and obesity on postural control,muscle activity and maximal voluntary force of muscles mobilizing ankle joint |
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| Institution: | 1. Département des sciences de l’activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada;2. École de kinésiologie et de loisir, Faculté des sciences de la santé et des services communautaires, Université de Moncton, Canada;3. Département de kinésiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Canada;1. Research Laboratory Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia;2. Le Mans University, MIP, EA, 4334, Laboratory “Movement, Interactions, Performance”, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sport Sciences, Le Mans, France;1. The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Department of Physiotherapy of the Nervous System and the Musculoskeletal System, Katowice, Poland;2. The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Department of Human Motor Behavior, Katowice, Poland;3. Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, 10-326 Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, 9211 116 Street NW, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada;2. Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital, Alberta Health Services, 10230 111 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, T5G 0B7, Canada;3. Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Dr. East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA;4. Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada;5. Graduate School of Education, University of Hokkaido, Kita 11jo, Nishi 7Chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0811, Japan;6. Department of Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 153 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 102-8471, Japan;7. Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Lyndhurst Centre, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute – University Health Network, 520 Sutherland Drive, Toronto, Ontario M4G 3V9, Canada |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the influence of age and/or obesity on postural control, ankle muscle activities during balance testing and force production capacities.Materials and methods4 groups; control group (CG; n = 25; age = 31.8 ± 7.5 years; BMI = 21.4 ± 2.5 kg/m2), obese group (OG; n = 25; age = 34.4 ± 9.5 years; BMI = 39.6 ± 5.4 kg/m2), elderly group (EG; n = 15; age = 77.1 ± 8.4 years; BMI = 24.4 ± 1.3 kg/m2) and obese elderly group (ObEG; n = 12; age = 78.6 ± 6.6 years; BMI = 34.5 ± 3.1 kg/m2) performed maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) before testing to calculate the maximal relative force of ankle plantar flexor (PF) and dorsal flexor (DF) muscles. Center of pressure (CoP) parameters and the electromyography (EMG) activity of PF and DF muscles were collected during MVC, quiet standing and limit of stability (LoS) testing along antero-posterior and medio-lateral axes.ResultsMaximal relative force was higher in EG and ObEG than CG and OG, respectively (p < 0.001). CoP parameters, distance traveled along the antero-posterior axis and EMG activity of PF were higher in OG, EG and ObEG compared to CG (p < 0.001) and in EG compared to ObEG (p < 0.05).The EMG activity of PF was positively correlated with CoP parameters in OG and ObEG (r > 0.6; p < 0.05). Maximal relative force of PF (r > ?0.6; p < 0.05) was negatively correlated with CoP parameters in ObEG and EG.ConclusionObesity-related postural control alteration is associated with increased activity of PF. This neuromuscular adaptation may reflect deteriorations of the proprioceptive system and is likely additional to age-related muscular impairments. This may be a mechanism by which obesity increases postural control alterations in elderly. |
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| Keywords: | Aging Overweight Electromyography Force Balance Lower limb |
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