Review on the Biological Mechanisms Associated with Depo-Provera and HIV-1 Risk Acquisition in Women |
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Authors: | Funanani Takalani Ndumiso N Mhlongo Suri Moonsamy Mahmoud E S Soliman |
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Institution: | 1.Molecular Modelling and Drug Design Research Group, School of Health Sciences,University of KwaZulu-Natal,Durban,South Africa;2.School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, Discipline of Medical Biochemistry,University of KwaZulu-Natal,Durban,South Africa;3.HIV Prevention Research Unit,Medical Research Council,Durban,South Africa |
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Abstract: | Women constitute more than 50% out of millions of individuals infected with HIV-1, the major causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. About 40% of HIV-1 infections have been reported to initiate in the female reproductive tract. However, the mechanisms through which these infections are spread are poorly understood; hence, there is now a major concern in women who use long acting injectable hormonal contraceptives, particularly Depo-Provera and an increase of HIV-1 risk acquisition. Based on literature, Depo-Provera has an affinity for both the glucocorticoid receptor and the progesterone receptor in the female reproductive tract. Therefore, investigating HIV-1 pathogenesis in the female reproductive tract via the glucocorticoid receptor and the progesterone receptor mechanisms in response to the effect of Depo-Provera is of great importance. |
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