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Making sense of the combined effect of interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 on lymphocytes using a mathematical model |
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| Authors: | Benoît F Morel Meghan A Burke Jayant Kalagnanam Susan A McCarthy David J Tweardy Penelope A Morel |
| Institution: | (1) Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, 15213 Pittsburgh, PA, USA;(2) Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, 15213 Pittsburgh, PA, USA;(3) Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 15213 Pittsburgh, PA, USA;(4) Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 15213 Pittsburgh, PA, USA;(5) Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 15213 Pittsburgh, PA, USA;(6) Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 15213 Pittsburgh, PA, USA |
| Abstract: | The cytokines are the information superhighway of the immune system. They are an important component of the integrated behavior of the system. In order to be able to have a good understanding of the immune system, we must be able to model the effect of cytokines and their combined effect. This work is a step in that direction. We study the combined effect of two cytokines: interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) on some cells of the immune system. Interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 are important growth and differentiation factors for B and T cells. Interleukin-4 antagonizes the effect of interleukin-2 on B cells and some T cells while it synergizes with interleukin-2 on other T cells. We build a mathematical model of the interaction of both cytokines on T and B cells as a building block toward a model of the Th1/Th2 cross-regulation. The response of a given cell to the combination of interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 is shown to involve competing dynamical effects which can lead to either antagnostic or synergistic combined effect. Author to whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Engineering and Public Policy. Work supported by NIH grant nv: Ai31427. |
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