Comparison of the Z and W sex chromosomal architectures in elegant crested tinamou (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eudromia elegans</Emphasis>) and ostrich (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Struthio camelus</Emphasis>) and the process of sex chromosome differentiation in palaeognathous birds |
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Authors: | Yayoi Tsuda Chizuko Nishida-Umehara Junko Ishijima Kazuhiko Yamada Yoichi Matsuda |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, North 10 West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;(2) Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics, Division of Genome Dynamics, Creative Research Initiative “Sousei”, Hokkaido University, North 10 West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;(3) Chromosome Science Labo Inc., 2-5-2-2, Nangoudori 2 Minami, Shiroishi-ku, Sapporo 003-0022, Japan |
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Abstract: | To clarify the process of avian sex chromosome differentiation in palaeognathous birds, we performed molecular and cytogenetic
characterization of W chromosome-specific repetitive DNA sequences for elegant crested tinamou (Eudromia elegans, Tinamiformes) and constructed comparative cytogenetic maps of the Z and W chromosomes with nine chicken Z-linked gene homologues
for E. elegans and ostrich (Struthio camelus, Struthioniformes). A novel family of W-specific repetitive sequences isolated from E. elegans was found to be composed of guanine- and cytosine-rich 293-bp elements that were tandemly arrayed in the genome as satellite
DNA. No nucleotide sequence homologies were found for the Struthioniformes and neognathous birds. The comparative cytogenetic
maps of the Z and W chromosomes of E. elegans and S. camelus revealed that there are partial deletions in the proximal regions of the W chromosomes in the two species, and the W chromosome
is more differentiated in E. elegans than in S. camelus. These results suggest that a deletion firstly occurred in the proximal region close to the centromere of the acrocentric
proto-W chromosome and advanced toward the distal region. In E. elegans, the W-specific repeated sequence elements were amplified site-specifically after deletion of a large part of the W chromosome
occurred. |
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