Tumor necrosis factor alpha neutralization has no direct effect on parasite burden,but causes impaired IFN-γ production by spleen cells from human visceral leishmaniasis patients |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China;2. Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China;3. Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China |
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Abstract: | The pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has an important role in control of experimental Leishmania donovani infection. Less is known about the role of TNF-α in human visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Evidence for a protective role is primarily based on case reports of VL development in individuals treated with TNF-α neutralizing antibody. In this study, we have evaluated how TNF-α neutralization affects parasite replication and cytokine production in ex vivo splenic aspirates (SA) from active VL patients. The effect of TNF-α neutralization on cell mediated antigen specific responses were also evaluated using whole blood cultures. Neutralization of TNF-α did not affect parasite numbers in SA cultures. Interferon (IFN)-γ levels were significantly reduced, but interleukin (IL)-10 levels were unchanged in these cultures. Leishmania antigen stimulated SA produced significant TNF-α which suggests that TNF-α is actively produced in VL spleen. Further it stimulates IFN-γ production, but no direct effect on parasite replication. |
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Keywords: | Visceral leishmaniasis TNF-α Enbrel IL-10 Splenic aspirate Whole blood assay |
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