2型糖尿病伴发高血压大鼠模型的建立

目的：建立一种2型糖尿病伴发高血压大鼠的模型。方法：65只SD雄性大鼠，随机分为正常对照组、1% NaCl饮水组、20 mg/kg STZ-1% NaCl组、30 mg/kg STZ-1% NaCl组、40 mg/kg STZ-1% NaCl组（n=13）。除正常对照组大鼠普通饮食喂养外，其余各组大鼠以高脂饲料4周+普通饲料结合1% NaCl饮水9周喂养。第4周末链脲霉素（STZ）组大鼠分别腹腔注射STZ （20 mg/kg、30 mg/kg、40 mg/kg）。实验周期13周。检测大鼠一般状况、体重、平均摄食量、血糖、血压、血脂和血浆胰岛素水平。结果：与正常对照组和1% NaCl饮水组比较，在STZ注射后仅30 mg/kg STZ-1% NaCl组、40 mg/kg STZ-1% NaCl组大鼠体重减少（P<0.05）、平均食量、空腹和随机血糖均增加（P<0.05）；第4周起血压显著升高（P<0.05），收缩压均值达到150 mmHg进入高血压期，并在其后5周（实验结束前）稳定于150~170 mmHg；第9周血浆胰岛素水平升高（P<0.05），血浆甘油三酯（TG）水平下降（P<0.05）。结论：高脂饲料喂养4周+腹腔注射STZ 30~40 mg/kg结合1% NaCl饮水喂养，能诱导出2型糖尿病伴发高血压的大鼠模型。

Establishment of rat model of type 2 diabetes complicated with hypertension

Objective: To establish type 2 diabetic model in rats complicated with hypertension.Methods: Sixty five SD male rats were divided into normal control group, 1%NaCl water-treated group, 20 mg/kg STZ-1% NaCl-treated group, 30 mg/kg STZ-1%NaCl-treated group and 40 mg/kg STZ-1% NaCl-treated group according to random digit table(n=13).Except that rats in the normal control group were fed with ordinary diet, rats in the other groups were fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks, then maintained with free access to rat chow and 1% NaCl drinking water for 9 weeks. In addition, rats in streptozotocin(STZ) groups were received STZ at a different dose(20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg)respectively by intraperitoneal injection at the end of the fourth week. The experimental period lasted 13 weeks. During the study, the general condition, body weight, average food intake, blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids and plasma insulin levels of each rat were tested.Results: After STZ injection, tests showed body weight was significantly reduced (P<0.05), average food intake and fasting/random blood glucose level were increased significantly (P<0.05); blood pressure was obviously risen (P<0.05)and the average value of systolic blood pressure was reached 150 mmHg into hypertensive stage at the 4^th week and stable at 150~170 mmHg for five weeks(before the end of experiment); the level of plasma insulin was higher significantly (P<0.05), the level of plasma triglyceride(TG)was descended significantly (P<0.05)at the 13^th week of the experimental period, each of which was only in 30 mg/kg STZ-1% NaCl-treated rats and 40 mg/kg STZ-1% NaCl-treated rats as compared with non-treated rats or 1% NaCl water-treated rats.Conclusion: The method that the rat was fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks, then, received intraperitoneal injection of 30~40 mg/kg STZ combined with feeding 1% NaCl drinking water, which can induce insulin resistance in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension.