Down-regulation of CMTM8 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like changes via c-MET/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling |
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Authors: | Zhang Wenjuan Mendoza Michelle C Pei Xiaolei Ilter Didem Mahoney Sarah J Zhang Yingmei Ma Dalong Blenis John Wang Ying |
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Affiliation: | Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China. |
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Abstract: | The acquisition of an invasive phenotype is a critical turning point for malignant tumor cells. CMTM8, a potential tumor suppressor, is frequently down-regulated in solid tumors, and its overexpression induces tumor cell apoptosis. Here, we identify a new role for CMTM8 in regulating tumor cell migration. Reducing CMTM8 expression in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells results in the acquisition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) features, including a morphological change from organized epithelial sheets to scattered fibroblast-like shapes, reduction of the epithelial marker E-cadherin, and an increased invasive and migratory ability. These phenotypic changes are mediated in large part by the ERK-MAPK pathway, as the MEK inhibitor U0126 and shRNA-mediated knockdown of ERK2 significantly reversed these phenotypes. Hepatocyte growth factor binding to the c-MET receptor is known to induce EMT in HepG2 cells. We found that CMTM8 knockdown in HepG2 cells induced c-MET signaling and ERK activation. Inhibition of c-MET signaling with the small molecule inhibitor SU11274 or c-MET RNAi blocked the EMT-like changes following CMTM8 knockdown. CMTM8 overexpression in HepG2 cells inhibited hepatocyte growth factor-induced EMT-like morphological changes and cell motility. Down-regulation of CMTM8 also promoted an EMT-like change in MCF-10A cells, indicating a broader role for CMTM8 in regulating cellular transformation. |
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Keywords: | Cell Migration ERK MAP Kinases (MAPKs) Ras Receptor Endocytosis Receptor Regulation Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signal Transduction Tumor Metastases Tumor Suppressor Gene |
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