Nuclear transfer: Progress and quandaries |
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Authors: | Xuemei?Li Ziyi?Li Alice?Jouneau Email author" target="_blank">Qi?ZhouEmail author Jean-Paul?Renard |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing,China;2.Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine,University of Iowa,Iowa City,USA;3.UMR Biologie du Développement et Reproduction,Jouy-en-Josas,France |
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Abstract: | Cloning mammals by nuclear transfer is a powerful technique that is quickly advancing the development of genetically defined
animal models. However, the overall efficiency of nuclear transfer is still very low and several hurdles remain before the
power of this technique will be fully harnessed. Among these hurdles include an incomplete understanding of biologic processes
that control epigenetic reprogramming of the donor genome following nuclear transfer. Incomplete epigenetic reprogramming
is considered the major cause of the developmental failure of cloned embryos and is frequently associated with the disregulation
of specific genes. At present, little is known about the developmental mechanism of reconstructed embryos. Therefore, screening
strategies to design nuclear transfer protocols that will mimic the epigenetic remodeling occurring in normal embryos and
identifying molecular parameters that can assess the developmental potential of pre-implantation embryos are becoming increasingly
important. A crucial need at present is to understand the molecular events required for efficient reprogramming of donor genomes
after nuclear transfer. This knowledge will help to identify the molecular basis of developmental defects seen in cloned embryos
and provide methods for circumventing such problems associated with cloning the future application of this technology. |
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