Dietary calcium supplementation in adult rats reverts brown adipose tissue dysfunction programmed by postnatal early overfeeding |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;2. Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil;3. Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;1. Multidisciplinary Unit for Biomedical Research, UMIB-FCT, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal;2. Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal;3. Department of General Surgery of Hospital São Sebastião, Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, Portugal;4. Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal;5. Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros (CGR), Porto, Portugal;6. i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;7. Obesity & Bariatric Services, University College London Hospital, London, UK;1. Neuropsychiatry and Behavior Science Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco –UFPE-Recife, PE, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil;3. Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA |
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| Abstract: | Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dysfunction is associated with obesity and its comorbidities, such as hypertension, and the improvement of BAT function seems important for obesity management. Here we investigated the effects of dietary calcium supplementation on BAT autonomic nerve activity, sympathoadrenal function and cardiovascular parameters in adult obese rats that were raised in small litters (SL group). Three days after birth, SL litters were adjusted to three pups to induce early overfeeding. The control group remained with 10 pups/litter until weaning (NL group). At PN120, the SL group was randomly divided into the following: rats fed with standard chow (SL) and rats fed with dietary calcium carbonate supplementation (SL-Ca, 10 g/kg chow). Animals were killed either at PN120 or PN180. At both ages, SL rats had higher BAT autonomic nervous system activity, mass and adipocyte area, as well as increased heart rate and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic); 2 months of calcium supplementation normalized these parameters. At PN180 only, UCP1 and TRβ1 in BAT were decreased in SL rats. These changes were also prevented by calcium treatment. Also at PN180, the SL group presented higher tyrosine hydroxylase and adrenal catecholamine contents, as well as lower hypothalamic POMC and MC4R contents. Calcium supplementation did not revert these alterations. Thus, we demonstrated that dietary calcium supplementation was able to improve cardiovascular parameters and BAT thermogenesis capacity in adult animals that were early overfed during lactation. |
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