端粒、端粒酶结构功能研究进展

端粒是真核生物线性染色体末端由重复DNA序列和蛋白质结合形成的复合结构，其特殊的环形结构与多种结合蛋白形成了端粒的多重功能的基础。端粒的功能包括染色体末端的保护、引导减数分裂的同源染色体配对、参与DNA修复过程等；端粒酶具有逆转录酶特性和维持端粒长度的功能，其活性与恶性肿瘤的发生密切相关，调控因子错综复杂。

Current research on structures and functions of telomere and telomerase

Telomeres are specialized nucleoprotein complexes in eukaryotic chromosome ends that comprised by pro-teins and DNA repetitive sequences.The unique structure of duplex loop and various binding proteins constitute the basis of telomere's poly-functions.These functions include protecting the chromosome ends,initiating the homologue alignment in meiosis,and participating the mechanism of DNA repairing,etc.Telomerases are a reverse transciptase served as the maintainer of the telomere length.Their activities closely related to the initiation of cancer,and the regulative factors involve in complicated pathways.